GAZ-71 is an all-terrain vehicle that was used in the Soviet Union for military purposes, as well as for researching inaccessible areas of Siberia. GAZ-71 replaced the 47th model of the Gorky all-terrain vehicle, which by then was morally obsolete.
Car history
In the 60s, when the Soviet economy recovered noticeably from the horrific effects of the war, the USSR government thought about creating a new car capable of overcoming any impassability. Cars were planned to be used for the study of Siberia, the Far East and other unexplored areas for the development of the oil and gas industries.
From the new car demanded the ability to move not only off-road, but also float on the water. Transport had to withstand harsh climatic conditions (high humidity and extremely low temperatures).
From 1954 to 1964, the Gorky Automobile Plant produced the GAZ-47 all-terrain vehicle, widely used in various industries and valued for high maneuverability. However, in the 60s it became obvious that the old all-terrain vehicle does not meet modern requirements. Engineers began to develop a new model based on the old one, taking all the good properties from it.
The problem was already encountered at the production stage: the Gorky enterprise could not produce enough cars to meet the needs of the entire state. In 1973, the assembly line of all-terrain vehicles was completely transferred to the specialized Zavolzhsky plant of tracked tractor (ZZGT).
ATV application
The first prototype of a new generation of tracked vehicles was assembled in 1968. Model called GT-SM. For 17 years of production, the 71th version has performed a huge number of economic and military tasks. The consumer appreciated this car for its technical characteristics and high throughput.
Some GAZ-71 survived to our time and continue to bear regular service. They are used mainly in the North. The long service life of the machine due to its simple design, low-cost maintenance and the prevalence of spare parts.
ATV delivers people and goods of different categories in remote corners of the country, overcoming the lack of roads, water barriers and low temperatures. In the military industry, GAZ-71 was used to transport soldiers and ammunition, support scientific expeditions, evacuate the wounded, and so on. The 71st is able to tow trailers weighing up to 2 thousand kilograms.
Off-road driving is complemented by a self-pulling function in the event of a jam. ATV can move through the snowdrifts, desert, swamp and swim in the water. The maximum duration of the swim - one and a half kilometers, due to the rotation of the tracks GAZ-71 can reach speeds of up to 6 km / h.
For swimming requires the installation of quick-detachable hydrodynamic covers. The machine can get out of the water by a slope of no more than 20 degrees. Experts recommend the use of transport on calm rivers, fast current can flood the car.
Specifications
When driving on roads, the GAZ-71 all-terrain vehicle shows excellent maneuverability, develops a speed that is good for its mass and power - up to 50 km / h. The value of the maximum speed was increased compared with the GAZ-47. In swampy areas and snow, the car accelerates to 18 km / h.
Specifications:
- Length - 5 390 mm;
- Width - 2,582 mm;
- Height - 1,740 mm;
- Ground clearance - 380 mm;
- Power unit - 115 horsepower;
- Fuel consumption - 100 liters per 100 km.
Fuel consumption
When driving at maximum speed or off-road, it can take up to 150 liters per 100 kilometers. The average consumption is 100 liters. The all-terrain vehicle has 4 tanks: three of 232.5 liters each and one for 77.5 liters. Full refueling is enough to overcome 400-500 kilometers without refueling.
Engine and Gearbox
The power unit of 4.25 liters - ZMZ-41 - runs on gasoline, coupled with the carburetor, has eight cylinders. Power - 115 horsepower. The engine compartment is equipped with a system that simultaneously activates the engine, gearbox, extra speed and grip.
The power plant is closed with metal plates on all sides. They are easily removed, so free access to the engine from the cab and the body is provided. The diesel engine appeared only in the transport of a new generation - GAZ-3403.
Manual transmission has five speeds - 4 front and 1 rear. The razdatka is equipped with double gear. The clutch is made on the dry type with a single disc. The design is complemented by onboard gearboxes and belt braking system.
Chassis
At the heart of the chassis are twelve rinks with caterpillars. They are covered with rubber and work in conjunction with twin-crown wheels. Hydraulic shock absorbers are installed on the heel of the rollers.
Each caterpillar GAZ-71 consists of 83 elements connected by steel fasteners. To extend the life of the tracks, removable snow blowers are provided. They do not allow ice to form and accumulate snow.
Device body and cab
The cargo platform of the car is made of steel. For transportation of people in low temperatures, the heating system of the body and the ability to install an awning are provided. The awning is mounted on the frame, ventilation provides a special sleeve. In the back there is sanitary equipment for the evacuation of wounded people. The platform is provided for 10 passengers, for their comfort there are folding semi-soft seats.
The cabin is made on all-metal technology. It has two doors and accommodates two people - a passenger and a driver. The cabin is sealed at a high level - after overcoming water barriers to a depth of 1.2 meters, complete dryness is maintained in the cabin. Ventilation provides two hatches in the roof of the compartment. Thermal and noise insulation cab performed well. To maintain a comfortable temperature, it has a heating mechanism. The battery is located behind the driver's seat, it is closed by a metal plate, which is easily removed.
Conclusion
Tracked off-road vehicles GAZ-71 - a true legend of the Soviet engineering. The release of this model was completed in 1985, but some specimens work in some places and today, as a rule, in regions with a cold climate.
You can buy this car in the secondary market. The cost of an all-terrain vehicle depends on its technical and external condition. Machines in excellent condition are offered for 700-1300 thousand rubles, depending on the year of manufacture. Trucks requiring repair will cost 200-700 thousand rubles.
New parts are in specialized stores, there are many offers and in the secondary market. You can use components from the next generation of all-terrain vehicles - GAZ-3403.
