Modern tactics of combat can not do without the use of aircraft. The use of aviation is quite widespread. Intelligence operations, patrols in the air, firing at air and ground targets. In the sixties, the USSR had a shortage of new flight technology. Such models as the SU-7, MIG-21 and others are outdated and began to give way to overseas competitors. It was in the late sixties that the MiG-27 fighter bomber began to be created.
Mig-23 BM
As a separate model, the MiG-27 did not appear immediately. Under the guidance of designer Sedov, G. A., a new model of the MiG 23 BM aircraft (modernized) appeared at that time. It was built two prototype models based on the MiG-23 B. They had engines AL-21F-3. A characteristic feature while working on this model of the aircraft was that the designers had made more than one modernization. It was not in the spirit of the designers of that time, who tried to introduce into the aircraft one development - tested and tested.
Taking into account all the weak points of the entire line of 23 MiGs and their modifications, the MiG-23 BM underwent a number of changes:
- Changing the design of the chassis and air intakes.
- Developed new modifications relating to the chassis of the aircraft (significantly strengthened landing gear and shock absorbers).
- Installed PrNK-23 - sighting and navigation system. This complex was widely used - led the control of bombing, launching missiles, firing guns at ground and air targets, solved navigation problems.
- Increased the number and weight of weapons. The modified shipboard six-barrel cannon AO-18 was installed by V. P. Gryazev and A. G. Shipunova. New Kh-23 and R-3s missiles were used. The anti-radar missile X-28 was developed against the enemy’s air defense missile systems.
In the new aircraft cockpit had a number of modifications. A laser rangefinder "Background" was installed. In the behind-the-cabin compartment, the SUV-2 system, which controlled all on-board armament, was located. The first flight of the new model took place on November 17, 1972 under the control of test pilot Menitsky V. Ye. After several modifications, the model of the aircraft was approved for serial production. Until 1978, released 360 aircraft of this model. As you know, after passing a series of tests and modifications, in 1975 the aircraft was put into service, giving it the name MiG-27.
MiG-27 Fighter Bomber
Legendary strike aircraft of its time. The supersonic fighter MiG-27 bomber was a formidable weapon. All equipment, in the course of service of this model, was constantly improved. New and better modifications appeared, which significantly expanded the possibilities of using this aircraft and improved its technical characteristics.
The main characteristics of the performance characteristics of the MiG-27
Electronics
One of the best modifications of the air ship was the PrNK-23 system. System modifications were as follows:
- air parameters sensors;
- laser distance meter "Background";
- optical sighting head S-17VG;
- navigation complex KN-23;
- new digital computer.
The number of commands executed by the new system was 11. Bombing out of sight of the earth, performing various maneuvers, including pre-landing, flying along a planned route. Return to the aerodrome from which the flight was made, the data entered on the three alternate aerodromes. Before takeoff, 43 parameters were entered into the digital computer. These included weather conditions, aerodrome coordinates, weapon data and their ballistic characteristics, a route with six points, and much more.
Armament
- six-barreled automatic machine AO-18 caliber 30 mm.
- gun GSH-6-30A. Shooting speed 5500-6100 shots per minute. In its class, the gun occupied a leading position. Abroad used the tools of 20 mm caliber, which are significantly inferior in all characteristics of our gun;
- thanks to the BDZ-UMK (beam holders), the plane could carry up to seven 500 kg, nine 250 kg bombs or 22 bombs weighing 100 kg;
- jet weapons seemed like a series of rockets. Rocket R-3s - was designed to fight with helicopters and heavy aircraft and fight fighters. Has a very long range. Rocket X-23 - was intended for the destruction of ground targets. Rocket Kh-28. It was designed to protect the aircraft from the enemy's air defense system. It was cumbersome, but very effective;
- airborne thermal rockets. Intended to protect the aircraft from attacks of missiles. They were cassettes with heat traps and cartridges with radar interference.
All the combat armament of the aircraft was controlled by the SUV-2 system. She solved the problem of dropping bombs, shooting from a different type of onboard guns, launching rockets. Controlled the course and period of dropping bombs, announced the presence of ammunition and bombs.
Specifications MiG-27
All models of the Mig27 were fitted with R29B-300 engines. The exceptions were the first two models, on which the AL-21F-3 units stood. The R29B-300 engine is a turbojet propulsion system. Equipped with a two-stage turbine and eleven-stage compressor. Very durable and powerful engine with afterburner up to 11,500 kgf. The plane quickly picked up the desired speed. Could quickly take off from the runway, spending a smaller segment of the runway to take off. The separation of the aircraft from the strip occurred at a speed of 300-330 km / h. The maximum permissible speed of the aircraft was 1350 km / h or M = 1.7. With a full tank and maximum combat load, the Mig27 aircraft reached an altitude of 3000 meters in 2.5 minutes.
Mig 27 is designed according to the normal aerodynamic configuration. It has a high wing with full-turning horizontal tail, which has a sweep change. Chassis of the aircraft is represented by a three-bearing landing gear. The fuselage of the aircraft is a semi-monocoque, consisting of welded and riveted parts. The cabin is equipped with control devices, accounting systems and control over the work, the implementation of the job by plane.
The chair-catapult KM-1M provides escape from the cockpit of the aircraft at different heights and at different speeds from 130 km / h to the limit values. The Komar-2M radio beacon is installed in the seat, which begins to operate after the operation of the parachute ejection mechanism. The fuel tank and the system as a whole have a capacity of 5400 liters. The system consists of six wings of compartments and five fuselage. There are also two compartments that feed the engine with strong negative overloads. The flight distance was 2220 km with a maximum height of 15,600 m.
MiG27 is a child offspring that has been widely used for many years. The aircraft attracted pilots with ease of operation, good maneuverability and dynamics. He had a powerful engine, developed supersonic speed, had good technical indicators and flight characteristics. This machine has proven itself on the battlefield more than once and has been a leader in its class for a long time. Many pilots spoke positively about this reliable car, about her combat and firepower. Thanks to the arrow-shaped wing design, the MiG27 could perform any figures of complex and simple aerobatics.
