The minibus GAZ-3221 is a classic Russian-made minivan assembled since 1996 by the Gorky Automobile Plant. The basis of the transport lay GAZ-2705. Its base was improved and supplemented with modern technical nodes. The car has a great demand in the Russian market due to its versatility. Belongs to the category of light trucks.
general information
There are three types of GAZ-3221 capacity:
- 14 places;
- 9 places;
- 7 places
Some carmakers, working with GAZ, use the car as the basis for their products. The most popular example is Bikas-30, which belongs to the Biysk Machine-Building Plant.
When designing a new car, designers made the main emphasis on improving the comfort of the cabin. The interior was transformed with new materials, the seats became softer and more qualitative, we received armrests and headrests. These features allow you to use cars as the main vehicle of taxis. Many modifications have been developed on the basis of a minibus, so it can be found in many areas.
The salon can be equipped with specialized equipment than the Ministry of Health used in the early 2000s. The result was a comfortable, versatile and economical ambulance. Dimensions allow you to transport up to three patients, along with a pair of doctors. To perform special operations, the machine is used in power structures. Gorky enterprise specifically for the Ministry of Internal Affairs has developed a modification that received the number "32215". Various equipment is installed aboard, depending on the task.
On technical equipment there are two main types - with rear and all-wheel drive. The presence of all-wheel drive allows you to reach remote areas where asphalt roads do not lead. The drive of all wheels and the transfer case of a unique structure that is not disconnected provide a high cross-country ability on the road. Complements the design of the center differential lock. Tires have a wide diameter and grouser.
Design
As mentioned above, the GAZ-3221 is an improved version of the outdated 2705. The overall exterior design was preserved, it was supplemented with new contours and elements. The body is equipped with six windows with opening vents (3 on each side). For landing and disembarking passengers, there is a sliding door on the starboard side. For loading and unloading cargo and baggage is used the rear swing door. The cabin has two doors.
The machine did not receive any prominent elements. All done in the best traditions of the family "Gazelle". In 2003, the transport went through restyling, having received new headlights, grille and large side mirrors.
Salon consists of two parts. They are separated by a partition. In front of the driver and two assistants are located in the rear - passengers. In route taxis, front seats are used by passengers when the cabin is full. The main versions have 7 and 9 seats. Together with the driver, the total capacity is eight and ten people, respectively. A less common modification is designed for 14 passengers. Some users install additional seats to increase revenue.
GAZ-3221 8 seats are often used as a business vehicle. The seats are arranged so that all passengers can make direct visual contact. This is convenient in the negotiation process. There is also a folding table with individual lighting, at which it is convenient to work with a laptop and view documents. Some options have increased cabin height by raising the roof. The rear luggage compartment holds 250 liters. This is enough to carry several large travel bags.
Specifications:
- Length - 5.5 m;
- Width - 2.1 m;
- Height - 2.2 m;
- Front track - 1.7 m;
- Rear track - 1.6 m;
- Clearance - 17 cm;
- Turning radius - 5.5 m;
- Weight - 3.5 tons;
- The volume of the power plant - 2.89 l;
- The power of the power unit - 107 horsepower at 4 thousand revolutions;
- Torque - 220 Nm at 2.5 thousand revolutions.
The engine is preserved from the 2705 model. Atmospheric gasoline engine ZMZ-40524 has four cylinders arranged in a row. It is installed on the modifications 404 and 408. With 2.89 liters of working volume develops up to 107 horsepower. This is enough to accelerate to 100 km / h in 30 seconds (at a maximum speed of 130 km / h).
Version 531 is equipped with a diesel power unit GAZ-5602. Thanks to its four cylinders, the working volume is 2.13 liters. The design of the engine complements the turbocharger. At the factory, different configurations of force are set, so the power is 95 or 110 horsepower. The maximum torque is 204 Nm (at 2.3 thousand revolutions) or 250 Nm (at 2 thousand revolutions), respectively.
There are versions with the American power unit - Chrysler 2.4L DOHC. As a rule, it can be found on models with the index "748". The device includes four cylinders (4 valves each) and a system of distributed fuel injection. At 2.43 liters of volume, a power of 150 horsepower is achieved at 5.5 thousand rpm. Maximum torque - 224 Nm at 4.2 thousand revolutions. The Chrysler engine is installed on shortened versions of the GAZ-3221 Business with modified parameters - 133 horsepower and 204 Nm.
Average fuel consumption is 17 liters per 100 kilometers. When traveling in a modern metropolis at an average speed of 60 km / h, the rate of fuel consumption is 23 liters. On a suburban route, the cost of gasoline is reduced - the car requires no more than 14 liters. Thanks to such indicators, in the Russian market the car belongs to the economical category. Russian businessmen using foreign competitors spend more money on fueling their vehicles.
All motors work together with a standard, synchronized mechanical type gearbox. It consists of six speeds - five front and one rear. GAZ has a single-disc dry clutch, powered by a hydraulic device. Depending on the modification, the cardan transmission can be two-shaft with intermediate support or three-shaft.
The razdatka of a mechanical type is provided on modifications 32217 and 322173. It consists of two stages, includes a reduction gear with center differential with a forced locking. It provides permanent all-wheel drive.
High strength dependent suspension made longitudinal semi-elliptical leaf-type springs. They are complemented by hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers with front stabilizers. Some models lack front stabilizers.
The front wheels are equipped with disc brake mechanisms, rear mounted drum. The brake system works by means of a hydraulic drive, consists of two circuits and is supplemented with a vacuum booster. This is one of the most reliable structures in the history of the domestic automotive industry, providing a high degree of safety.
What can be concluded?
The GAZ-3221 bus is a popular Russian vehicle belonging to the category of light-duty trucks. The main advantage is considered to be the GAZ brand frame, which has served without loss of strength for many years. Throughout its history, the car made a huge contribution to the development of the Russian economy. With the help of it, we established a high-quality and fast network of fixed-route taxis in most cities, ensured the operational work of courier services, and carried out operations of varying complexity in emergency services and security agencies.
High demand is due to simple construction and cheap maintenance. In any city you can find a specialist versed in the repair of "gazelek." Parts are available at any specialty store. Repair costs a penny, which can not be said about foreign counterparts. Some owners independently study the device, which allows them to carry out prompt repair by hand with improvised means at the site of the breakdown.
Payback cars is 1-2 years depending on the scope of application. In the official salon GAZ-3221 can be bought for 500-700 thousand rubles. The minimum price tag - basic equipment. By installing additional equipment, it increases to 700 thousand. The list of exclusive features includes air conditioning, electric adjustment of various elements, fog lights, multi-steering wheel for controlling the media system and cruise control (for diesel versions). In the secondary market, the average cost is 200-400 thousand rubles. Depends on the technical and external states and year of release.
