GAZ-3309 dump truck is a Russian-made medium-tonnage truck with good brakes and ABS system. Refers to the fourth generation of transport in this category. This model is different from the 3307 diesel power plant and the presence of turbocharging. The car with rear wheel drive moves on all types of roads with hard surface. All-wheel drive versions overcome the soil and off-road. At the base transport capacity is 4.5 tons. There are also modifications for 3 and 5 tons.
History of creation and development
In the second half of the 60th year, the specialists of the Gorky enterprise began to replace the GAZ-53A truck transport: the engineers planned to seriously modernize the existing car. In 1972 a transport appeared with an index of 53-11, which was very different from its predecessor. After successful testing of the new vehicle, the plant management decided that it was necessary to continue building equipment from scratch. At the same time, the main competitor of the company - ZIL - was preparing for the release of new generation cars.
In the 70s, a large role in the development of 3309 was played by German trucks Magirus-Deutz, which were supplied to Russia from Germany. Most of all, Soviet specialists liked the diesel power unit. Its distinctive feature was air cooling, which perfectly manifested itself in the conditions of the Siberian climate. In 1976, the leadership of the Union gave the installation of engineering companies - to produce new cars with diesel engines. GAZ began negotiations with a German company to purchase a license for the assembly of engines with an air cooling system.
In early February 1978, the designers prepared the first technical design of the prototype of the GAZ-3309, which was successfully tested in the Minavtoprome. In 1979, the first prototypes left the shop. Two years later, engineers prepared a demonstration series. The main distinctive feature of the previous generation was the double cabin, inside which there was a lot of free space. Salon equipped with efficient heating equipment and ventilation system. Power GAZ-3309 was the first in the history of Soviet engineering.
In 1986, prototypes successfully passed the tests, the serial model received an index of 3307. Mass production of transport was launched in 1989. Under the hood was a motor ZMZ-511, working together with the carburetor. He developed up to 125 horsepower. In 1992, the first modification was put on the conveyor, which differed from the standard carrying capacity (increased to 5 thousand kg). She was given the name of 4301. The issue continued until 1995. Over 3 years, a little more than 28 thousand copies left the assembly line.
GAZ-3309 van appeared only in 1994, when the designers finished working with the diesel installation 5441. It developed 115 horsepower and consisted of four cylinders. The undercarriage and cockpit was taken from 3307, making minor changes. The new version supplanted its predecessor from the market in 1996 at the expense of economy and environmental friendliness. A year later, we finished production of this model, as we considered it unprofitable. In 2001, the serial production resumed. Experts abandoned the German engine, opting for the Minsk MMZ D-245.7. In 1999, there were all-wheel drive versions for the army (carrying capacity - 2 tons) and the national economy (2.3 tons).
GAZ-3309 Euro-2 appeared in 2006. In 2008, the designers brought the equipment up to the Euro-3 standard. Petrol cars produced until 2009. After that, for several years, they were released on special orders of state structures with special purpose superstructures. In 2013, Minsk engineers brought their development to the Euro-4 standard. As of 2012, a modification with a CumminsISF 3.8L diesel engine is available to consumers. At the beginning of 2013, version 33098 was released to the market. Its main difference is the YaMZ-5344.10 motor, which meets the environmental standards of the fourth class.
Specifications
GAZ-3309 is capable of carrying loads weighing up to 4,500 kilograms. This is enough in many areas of the national economy, so there is a high demand for a car. Dimensions:
- Length - 6.3 m;
- Height - 2.4 m;
- Width - 2.3 m;
- Wheelbase - 3.77 m.
GAZ-3309 (diesel) - classic bonnet transport, belonging to the class of freight. It is based on the all-metal cabin and the wood-metal body. The length of the platform is 3.49 m. The width is 2.2 m. The height is 0.51 m. Such dimensions provide a large volume, therefore, the equipment is often used for transporting bulk cargo.
The length of the front track is 1.82 meters, the back - 1.77 meters. The clearance of 33.5 centimeters allows overcoming obstacles of medium size.
Engine GAZ-3309
As mentioned above, several power units were used in transport. Nowadays MMZ D-245.7 and YaMZ-5344 remain relevant. The first has four cylinders and works in a four-stroke scheme. It is supplemented with liquid cooling and charge air cooler. The fuel is injected directly (the fuel pump operates under high pressure), high power is provided by turbocharging.
Characteristics of the Minsk motor:
- Volume - 4.75 liters;
- Power - 125 horsepower;
- Maximum torque - 417 Nm at 2.1 thousand rpm;
- Weight - 430 kilograms.
Since 2013, there were options with the Yaroslavl power plant. It does not differ in design from the Belarusian product (including the presence of the fuel pump), but has other technical characteristics:
- Volume - 4.43 liters;
- Power - 135 horsepower;
- The greatest torque - 417 Nm at 2.1 thousand rpm.
The average fuel consumption of the GAZ-3309 of both engines is 14-16 liters per 100 kilometers at a speed of 60 km / h. It strongly depends on the quality of the fuel. With a higher average speed diesel consumption increases by 4-6 liters. The maximum charge is 105 liters. Power enough to accelerate to 90 km / h.
GAZ-3309 device
The power unit works in conjunction with a five-speed manual gearbox. Each speed is equipped with a synchronizer. At the heart of the steering mechanism is the scheme "screw-ball nut". Good handling is provided by the presence of power steering.
Pneumo-hydraulic drive is responsible for the high quality of the brake system GAZ-3309. In addition to the main working system, in the design there is a parking brake, which is located on the transmission. The brakes consist of two circuits, the system includes drum mechanisms, a hydraulic-type drive, a vacuum receiver and a hydraulic booster. Thanks to this design, the truck has good braking on any surface. Standard equipment includes ABS.
A single-wire electronics system operates at 24 volts. Here lies one of the disadvantages of transport - poor quality terminals, joining the battery. They provide poor contact, which often leads to poor electronics performance.
Cab GAZ-3309 is designed for two people - the driver and passenger. They are placed on separate chairs with soft filler and upholstery fabric. There is a kind of lateral support and high back. The driver can customize his seat in the horizontal and vertical planes. Seat belts and ABS are responsible for safety. Trim is made of simple but high-quality materials (several years serve without loss of quality). The dashboard is equipped with all the necessary sensors and indicators, which are decorated in a round display. Additional elements are sun visor and coat hooks.
The interior is dominated by plastic parts. Customary remained glove box, tachometer and speedometer. Door upholstery made of pleasant to the touch fabric. Unlike the 3307, this car has good vibration and sound insulation. Due to this, the working conditions for the driver became comfortable.
The cab is identical to the model 3307 with the exception of some elements. Designers retained a massive bumper of steel (can withstand loads of up to several tons), round-shaped headlights, a footboard for a comfortable fit (made of metal for a long service life) and a long hood. Wings of the truck are subject to corrosion. They become unusable a few years after the start of operation. Owners have to change them or process them with a putty.
The basic version was equipped with rear-wheel drive and ABS. At the base of the machine was a frame platform. The frame of GAZ-3309 is made of durable and high-quality materials, thanks to which its service life reaches several decades. Both spring suspensions are made according to dependent type. The rear axle GAZ-3309 consists of longitudinal semi-elliptical springs with hydraulic telescopic double-acting shock absorbers. The front axle has a similar device.
Modifications
On the basis of the chassis GAZ-3309 made a lot of varieties through the installation of various superstructures. Major modifications:
- 3309 - standard model with the Minsk Engine MMZ D-245.7;
- 33091 - version with an elongated platform;
- 33092 - the car with a cabin of increased capacity. Transport carries up to seven passengers. Used to install various utilities equipment;
- 33094 - elongated car, which is the base for the bus;
- 33096 - a classic car with a 3.8-liter power unit Cummins;
- 33098 - Version with Yaroslavl power plant.
The chassis served as the basis for the development of special purpose machines for various industries. The most popular type of garbage is considered GAZ-3309. Also, engineers have developed an add-in that creates a GAZ-3309 fuel truck, which was limited to a few small lots.
What can be concluded?
GAZ-3309 is one of the best products of the Gorky enterprise with a high degree of safety. This is facilitated by good brakes and the presence of the ABS system. The car is used to transport goods of various categories. Standard wheels and rear-wheel drive designed for movement on hard surfaces. Modification with all-wheel drive way to overcome off-road.
Developers managed to achieve high demand due to a good ratio of cost and durability of the truck. Each technical center possesses a high stock of a working resource, therefore owners do not carry out repair work so often. Low fuel consumption accelerates the economic return on investment. The design of the truck is adapted for use in the Russian conditions.
Production of cars continues in our days. In the primary market, GAZ-3309 van can be purchased for 1.396-1.462 million rubles (the final cost depends on the selected add-ons). The onboard option will cost less - 1.27 million rubles. With a limited budget, consumers are turning to the secondary market. The lowest cost are the copies of 2004-2005 release - 180-280 thousand rubles.
