The creation of KamAZ-6350 8x8 began in 1989. The project was tasked to create a universal truck for military and economic purposes. The new transport was able to move on the road at a temperature of from -50 to +50 degrees Celsius.
general information
The first prototype was introduced in 1995. Many design solutions were transferred from previous generations of Kama automobile plant cars. The rear suspension remained balanced on semi-elliptical springs. Also, engineers have retained a differential transfer case with axle differential locking. On the new chassis it was possible to install military and economic superstructures.
All tests were completed in 2002, in the same year, the first serial copies entered service in the army of Russia. Drive axles had two-stage gearboxes. The front ones were equipped with mechanisms for equal angular velocities, and the rear ones provided locking differentials. The brake mechanism has been upgraded, handling improved by the hydraulic booster. All technical units were isolated, the car became airtight, which allowed to overcome water barriers without fear.
At full transport load, the driving axles withstand 11.2 tons of load. The design allows the transportation of a trailer weighing no more than 12 tons, and the weight of the train must be no more than 38.8 tons. The truck can accelerate to 95 km / h. Equipped with two fuel tanks for 350 and 210 liters, which is enough for a long trip without refueling at a flow rate of 36.5 liters per 100 kilometers.
Machine design
The device KAMAZ-6350 allows him to move on the road. Eight-cylinder diesel engine develops 360 horsepower. Thanks to the modern generator, it is possible to start the car after a long idle in the cold to -50 degrees. The volume of the motor is 11.76 liters.
Despite the high quality of transport design, many military complain of flaws. The most common problem is the failure of the transmission. If the truck is equipped with a 161-series gearbox, then towing broken equipment is possible for a distance of no more than 50 kilometers, since the transmission does not work correctly, half of them sometimes fail at all.
The steering knuckles on the front axle may also break during towing, as they do not withstand prolonged high loads. The main disadvantage is a complex technical device that does not allow for a quick repair of the machine in the field.
Disadvantages are rare, but the benefits are always. KamAZ-6350 Mustang is able to overcome water obstacles to a depth of 1.75 meters, climb the mountain to 31 degrees and move walls up to 60 centimeters in height. For loading into the body is used built-in manipulator, which can withstand loads up to 2 tons.
The cabin of the car is designed for three people, has a sleeping place and is equipped with hidden armor. The fuel tanks, the bottom of the motor and the batteries are protected from enemy shelling, which is not the case with the main competitors. Protection of the bottom of the engine withstands the explosion of fragmentation grenades
In the basic version of the cabin is not equipped with additional equipment. When ordering a truck at the factory, you can choose the installation of a tachograph, heating system, panoramic windshield. These add-ons increase the comfort and safety of movement. The first versions of the tractor were equipped with a 10-speed gearbox, then it was replaced by a box with 16 speeds.
Front (spring) and rear (balance) suspension mounted on springs. Gearboxes, blocking differentials, and constant velocity joints were added to the drive axle structure. Differential gearbox provides permanent disabling bridges.
GUR simplifies the management of the truck, which is particularly noted by the military when moving with a full load. The rear chassis, transfer case and differential lock provide the car with high cross on any road surface. Interwheel lock activated by pneumatic drive. The system is inconveniently implemented, since for its inclusion a complete stop is required.
In recent years, tractors have been equipped with improved wheels, an innovative clutch, a strong transfer case and cardan shafts. Such a constructional approach made it possible to increase controllability and off-road maneuverability. The truck is equipped with special mounts, allowing you to change the body superstructure.
In 2003, the design of the power unit was changed: it began to comply with the Euro-2 environmental safety standards. In 2005, the cabin safety was improved: protection kits and a universal MM-501 module were added to the basic booking.
The main feature of the latest series of KAMAZ-6350 is the torque converter, working in conjunction with the gearbox. This design was called range hydraulic transmission, which simplifies movement over rough terrain. Details of the work of this mechanism can be found in the technical documentation of the car.
Specifications:
- Length - 9.85 meters;
- Width - 2.5 meters;
- Height - 3.08 meters;
- Clearance - 39 centimeters;
- Truck weight - 22.6 tons;
- Engine capacity - 11.76 liters;
- Engine power - 265 horsepower at 2200 rpm.
The final price tag of the truck depends on the number of selected additional functions. Purchase is carried out only at the factory by request. The assembly takes place in a special workshop, specialists produce 7-10 copies a month. The main customer is the Russian Army, but sometimes transport is bought by scientific and research centers.
Modifications
Based on the 6350 chassis, several enhanced versions were released:
- KamAZ-6450 - truck tractor, released in 2003. The truck is capable of transporting cargo on trailers with a mass of not more than 32 tons. Many customers replace the standard fuel tank and install an additional one. With such a tuning car, the maximum speed without refueling increases to 1,400 kilometers;
- KamAZ-6350 with hydromechanical transmission. The gearbox with 8 gears was equipped with electronic-hydraulic control. Automatic gear shifting improved the vehicle’s permeability, and drivers forgot about the involuntary switching off of the engine while driving.
- "Bear". It was developed on the basis of the standard chassis 63501. It was used for the transportation of super-heavy artillery installations. The design of the engine was improved, which allowed him to develop 360 horsepower with the same 8 cylinders, the maximum speed remained unchanged. The cabin is designed for two people, and the residential module for six. "Bear" passed the necessary tests and was accepted for military support in 2009. During the production was released a little more than 200 copies.
The quality and reliability of the truck will allow him to remain in the ranks for a long time and help the soldiers to carry out their service. Engineers of the Kama Automobile Plant regularly upgrade vehicles to improve its technical characteristics.
What can be concluded?
KamAZ-6350 is a popular tractor used by the Russian army to solve various tasks around the globe. The truck is also used by the UAE army. In recent years, military repair teams have been trained in promptly repairing possible car breakdowns, so that there is an opportunity to correct technical failures in the field.
